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Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals, and in the monohydrate form as crystal carbonate) is the water-soluble sodium salt of carbonic acid.
Pure sodium carbonate is a white, odourless powder that is hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air). It has a strongly alkaline taste and forms a moderately basic solution in water. Sodium carbonate is well known domestically for its everyday use as a water softener, because it can precipitate the calcium and magnesium ions present in “hard” water.
Sodium carbonate is also used as a relatively strong base in various settings. For example, it is used as a pH regulator to maintain stable alkaline conditions or as an electrolyte. By far the largest consumption of sodium carbonate is in the manufacture of glass, paper, rayon, soaps, and detergents. Also used as a pH increaser in swimming pools.