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Barium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula BaCl2. It is one of the most common water-soluble salts of barium. It is also hygroscopic, converting first to the dihydrate BaCl2(H2O)2. Like most other water-soluble barium salts, it is white, highly toxic, and imparts a yellow-green coloration to a flame. It has limited use in the laboratory and industry. In aqueous solution BaCl2 behaves as a simple salt; in water it is a 1:2 electrolyte and the solution exhibits a neutral pH. Its solutions react with sulphate ion to produce a thick white precipitate of barium sulphate. In industry, barium chloride is mainly used in the purification of brine solution in caustic chlorine plants and also in the manufacture of heat treatment salts, case hardening of steel. It is also used to make red pigments such as Lithol red and Red Lake C. Its toxicity limits its applicability.